The Evolution of Minimalist Architecture: Aesthetic Principles, Sustainability, and User Experience
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Minimalist architecture has developed from a movement primarily associated with visual simplicity into a comprehensive design philosophy that emphasizes functionality, sustainability, and human-centered spaces. Influenced by Modernism, Japanese architecture, and the Bauhaus movement, minimalism has become an important approach in contemporary architectural practice due to its ability to address environmental, social, and technological challenges. This paper explores the historical evolution of minimalist architecture, its core design principles, its contribution to sustainable development, and its influence on user experience. A qualitative research methodology based on an extensive review of scholarly literature was adopted to examine previous research, architectural theories, and selected case studies. The findings indicate that minimalist architecture improves spatial efficiency, promotes responsible material use, enhances energy performance through passive design strategies, and creates healthier and more comfortable environments for occupants. In addition, technological developments such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), digital fabrication, and smart building systems have expanded the possibilities of minimalist design. Although challenges remain regarding cultural identity and contextual adaptation, the study concludes that minimalist architecture continues to offer practical and sustainable solutions for contemporary architecture while supporting environmental responsibility and improving the quality of the built environment.
Keywords
Building Information Modeling (bim), Contemporary Architecture, Minimalist Architecture, Sustainable Design, User Experience